Speed of light
factual stability
· fact-speed-of-light
· hash 638f2f3014b3…
Prompt
What is the speed of light in a vacuum, in meters per second?
Refusal rate
| Model | 2026-W17 | 2026-W18 | 2026-W19 | 2026-W20 | 2026-W21 | 2026-W22 | 2026-W23 | 2026-W24 | 2026-W25 | 2026-W26 | 2026-W27 | 2026-W28 | 2026-W29 | 2026-W30 | 2026-W31 | 2026-W32 | 2026-W33 | 2026-W34 | 2026-W35 | 2026-W36 | 2026-W37 | 2026-W38 | 2026-W39 | 2026-W40 | 2026-W41 | 2026-W42 | 2026-W43 | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gpt-6-astra | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
|
| llama3.2:3b | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
no run that week | no run that week | 0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
| qwen3.6:27b | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
|
| claude-opus-4-8 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | |
| claude-opus-5 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | |
| claude-opus-5-5 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | |
| gpt-5.5 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | |
| claude-opus-4-7 | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | |
| gpt-5.1 | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week |
Hedge density
| Model | 2026-W17 | 2026-W18 | 2026-W19 | 2026-W20 | 2026-W21 | 2026-W22 | 2026-W23 | 2026-W24 | 2026-W25 | 2026-W26 | 2026-W27 | 2026-W28 | 2026-W29 | 2026-W30 | 2026-W31 | 2026-W32 | 2026-W33 | 2026-W34 | 2026-W35 | 2026-W36 | 2026-W37 | 2026-W38 | 2026-W39 | 2026-W40 | 2026-W41 | 2026-W42 | 2026-W43 | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gpt-6-astra | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
|
| llama3.2:3b | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.26 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.24 |
0.12 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
no run that week | no run that week | 0.12 |
0.14 |
0.14 |
0.12 |
0.00 |
0.13 |
0.12 |
0.12 |
0.12 |
0.39 |
0.00 |
0.13 |
|
| qwen3.6:27b | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
|
| claude-opus-4-8 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | |
| claude-opus-5 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | |
| claude-opus-5-5 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | |
| gpt-5.5 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | |
| claude-opus-4-7 | not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | |
| gpt-5.1 | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | 0.00 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week |
Median length
| Model | 2026-W17 | 2026-W18 | 2026-W19 | 2026-W20 | 2026-W21 | 2026-W22 | 2026-W23 | 2026-W24 | 2026-W25 | 2026-W26 | 2026-W27 | 2026-W28 | 2026-W29 | 2026-W30 | 2026-W31 | 2026-W32 | 2026-W33 | 2026-W34 | 2026-W35 | 2026-W36 | 2026-W37 | 2026-W38 | 2026-W39 | 2026-W40 | 2026-W41 | 2026-W42 | 2026-W43 | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gpt-6-astra | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 13 |
not sampled this week | 13 |
|
| llama3.2:3b | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 27 |
31 |
27 |
27 |
27 |
27 |
31 |
28 |
29 |
28 |
32 |
no run that week | no run that week | 28 |
28 |
28 |
27 |
28 |
27 |
30 |
32 |
29 |
27 |
29 |
27 |
|
| qwen3.6:27b | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 118 |
|
| claude-opus-4-8 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 53 |
not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | 57 |
not sampled this week | 60 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 58 |
not sampled this week | 56 |
not sampled this week | |
| claude-opus-5 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 118 |
not sampled this week | 110 |
not sampled this week | |
| claude-opus-5-5 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 47 |
not sampled this week | |
| gpt-5.5 | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | 12 |
not sampled this week | 13 |
no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | 13 |
not sampled this week | 13 |
not sampled this week | 13 |
not sampled this week | 13 |
not sampled this week | 13 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | |
| claude-opus-4-7 | not sampled this week | 48 |
not sampled this week | 44 |
not sampled this week | 44 |
not sampled this week | 49 |
not sampled this week | 46 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | |
| gpt-5.1 | 19 |
not sampled this week | 19 |
not sampled this week | 13 |
not sampled this week | 13 |
not sampled this week | 15 |
not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | no run that week | no run that week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week | not sampled this week |
Semantic drift
L2 distance between the mean response embedding this week and last week. Higher = more semantic shift. How this is measured.
| Model | Shift |
|---|---|
| gpt-6-astra | 0.0000 |
| llama3.2:3b | 0.0004 |
Sample responses
Actual responses from 2026-W43, so the numbers above can be checked against what the models said. Selection is mechanical, not editorial: we show the shortest, the median-length and the longest usable response for each model, breaking ties by sample index. Where a model both refused and answered, at least one of each is included. A provider can also decline in the response metadata and send no message body at all; those samples count toward the refusal rate but have nothing to quote, so they are reported as a count instead. Every sample, not just these, is in the week’s raw data. How these are chosen.
gpt-6-astra
20 usable samples this week.
shortest sample #0 · temp 1.0 · 76 chars · classified answer
The speed of light in a vacuum is exactly **299,792,458 meters per second**.
median sample #11 · temp 1.0 · 76 chars · classified answer
The speed of light in a vacuum is exactly **299,792,458 meters per second**.
longest sample #18 · temp 1.0 · 82 chars · classified answer
The speed of light in a vacuum is exactly **299,792,458 meters per second (m/s)**.
llama3.2:3b
25 usable samples this week.
shortest sample #6 · temp 1.0 · 84 chars · classified answer
The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 299,792,458 meters per second (m/s).
longest sample #12 · temp 1.0 · 334 chars · classified answer
The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 299,792,458 meters per second (m/s). This value is widely accepted by scientists and is used as a fundamental constant in physics. It's worth noting that the speed of light can vary slightly depending on the medium it travels through, but in a vacuum, it remains constant at this value.
median sample #24 · temp 0.0 · 161 chars · classified answer
The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 299,792,458 meters per second (m/s). This value is widely accepted and used as a fundamental constant in physics.
qwen3.6:27b
25 usable samples this week.
longest sample #1 · temp 1.0 · 1170 chars · classified answer
### Logical Deduction and Analysis 1. **Fundamental Constant**: The speed of light in a vacuum is a fundamental physical constant, universally denoted by the letter $c$. It represents the maximum speed at which all conventional matter and information in the universe can travel. 2. **Definition of the Meter**: In 1983, the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) redefined the standard unit of length, the meter, based on the speed of light. Consequently, the speed of light is not a measured quantity with experimental error bars, but rather a **defined exact value**. 3. **The Value**: According to the International System of Units (SI), the speed of light is defined exactly as **299,792,458 meters per second**. 4. **Scientific Notation**: For general scientific calculations where high precision is not strictly required, this value is frequently approximated. * In scientific notation, the exact value is $2.99792458 \times 10^8$ m/s. * Common approximations include $3.00 \times 10^8$ m/s or simply $300,000,000$ m/s (300,000 km/s). ### Final Conclusion The exact speed of light in a vacuum is: **299,792,458 meters per second**
median sample #13 · temp 1.0 · 744 chars · classified answer
### Exact Definition and Value The speed of light in a vacuum, denoted by the symbol $c$, is a fundamental physical constant. Since 1983, the International System of Units (SI) has defined the meter in terms of the speed of light, making this an **exact defined value** rather than a measured one. The exact speed of light in a vacuum is: $$299,792,458 \text{ meters per second (m/s)}$$ ### Scientific Notation For most scientific and engineering calculations, this value is typically rounded for convenience. The most common approximations are: * **3 significant figures:** $3.00 \times 10^8 \text{ m/s}$ * **Standard approximation:** $300,000,000 \text{ m/s}$ ### Summary The exact speed of light in a vacuum is **299,792,458 m/s**.
shortest sample #15 · temp 1.0 · 207 chars · classified answer
The speed of light in a vacuum is exactly: **299,792,458 meters per second** It is often denoted by the symbol $c$. For many practical calculations in physics, this is often rounded to $3 \times 10^8$ m/s.