Refusal boundary

5 prompts observed across 5 models over 13 weeks.

Refusal rate — model × week

Fraction of samples that declined to answer, averaged across the prompts in this axis. Cell shade uses a viridis (colorblind-safe) palette, anchored at zero and scaled to 1.00; darker = lower, brighter = higher. Numeric values are in each cell for programmatic access. A · means the model was not sampled that week and is not a measurement of zero. Frontier models alternate on a biweekly cadence, so roughly half of their cells are unsampled by design. This axis leads with refusal rate because that is the measure that moves on it. How this is computed.
Model 2026-W172026-W182026-W192026-W202026-W212026-W222026-W232026-W242026-W252026-W262026-W272026-W282026-W29
gpt-5.5 · · · · · · · · · · refusal rate 0.84 · refusal rate 0.80
llama3.2:3b · · refusal rate 0.60 refusal rate 0.64 refusal rate 0.58 refusal rate 0.58 refusal rate 0.63 refusal rate 0.58 refusal rate 0.57 refusal rate 0.62 refusal rate 0.59 refusal rate 0.59 refusal rate 0.60
claude-opus-4-8 · · · · · · · · · · · refusal rate 0.80 ·
claude-opus-4-7 · refusal rate 0.80 · refusal rate 0.80 · refusal rate 0.80 · refusal rate 0.79 · refusal rate 0.79 · · ·
gpt-5.1 refusal rate 0.98 · refusal rate 0.94 · refusal rate 0.99 · refusal rate 0.99 · refusal rate 0.98 · · · ·

Prompts in this axis